Shaykh Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-Ṭūsī · Chapter on the Virtue of the Month of Ramadan and the Prayers Within It in Addition to the Recommended Prayers Mentioned in the Other Months
Shia · narrations
Reports differ in authenticity, attribution, context and interpretation across scholarly traditions. Inclusion here is not authentication or endorsement.
Hadith reports may differ in authenticity, attribution, context, and interpretation across Islamic scholarly traditions. Inclusion in this library does not constitute authentication or endorsement. Readers are encouraged to consult qualified scholars before drawing religious or legal conclusions.
عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي اَلصُّهْبَانِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ إِنَّ عِدَّةً مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا اِجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى هَذَا اَلْحَدِيثِ مِنْهُمْ يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ صَبَّاحٌ اَلْحَذَّاءُ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ سَمَاعَةُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ، قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ: وَ سَأَلْتُ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ هَذَا اَلْحَدِيثِ فَأَخْبَرَنِي بِهِ وَ قَالَ« هَؤُلاَءِ جَمِيعاً سَأَلْنَا عَنِ اَلصَّلاَةِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ كَيْفَ هِيَ وَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقَالُوا جَمِيعاً إِنَّهُ لَمَّا دَخَلَتْ أَوَّلُ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ صَلَّى رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ اَلْمَغْرِبَ ثُمَّ صَلَّى أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ اَلَّتِي كَانَ يُصَلِّيهِنَّ بَعْدَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ ثُمَّ صَلَّى ثَمَانِيَ رَكَعَاتٍ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى اَلْعِشَاءَ اَلْآخِرَةَ وَ صَلَّى اَلرَّكْعَتَيْنِ اَللَّتَيْنِ كَانَ يُصَلِّيهِمَا بَعْدَ اَلْعِشَاءِ اَلْآخِرَةِ وَ هُوَ جَالِسٌ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ قَامَ فَصَلَّى اِثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً ثُمَّ دَخَلَ بَيْتَهُ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ اَلنَّاسُ وَ نَظَرُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ قَدْ زَادَ فِي اَلصَّلاَةِ حِينَ دَخَلَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ سَأَلُوهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ« أَنَّ هَذِهِ اَلصَّلاَةَ صَلَّيْتُهَا لِفَضْلِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ عَلَى اَلشُّهُورِ» فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ اَللَّيْلِ قَامَ يُصَلِّي فَاصْطَفَّ اَلنَّاسُ خَلْفَهُ فَانْصَرَفَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ« أَيُّهَا اَلنَّاسُ إِنَّ هَذِهِ اَلصَّلاَةَ نَافِلَةٌ وَ لَنْ يُجْتَمَعَ لِلنَّافِلَةِ وَ لْيُصَلِّ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنْكُمْ وَحْدَهُ وَ لْيَقُلْ مَا عَلَّمَهُ اَللَّهُ مِنْ كِتَابِهِ وَ اِعْلَمُوا أَنْ لاَ جَمَاعَةَ فِي نَافِلَةٍ» فَافْتَرَقَ اَلنَّاسُ فَصَلَّى كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى حِيَالِهِ لِنَفْسِهِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ لَيْلَةُ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ اِغْتَسَلَ حِينَ غَابَتِ اَلشَّمْسُ وَ صَلَّى اَلْمَغْرِبَ بِغُسْلٍ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى اَلْمَغْرِبَ وَ صَلَّى أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ اَلَّتِي كَانَ يُصَلِّيهَا فِيمَا مَضَى فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ بَعْدَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ دَخَلَ إِلَى بَيْتِهِ فَلَمَّا أَقَامَ بِلاَلٌ لِصَلاَةِ اَلْعِشَاءِ اَلْآخِرَةِ خَرَجَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ فَصَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ فَلَمَّا اِنْفَتَلَ صَلَّى اَلرَّكْعَتَيْنِ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ كَمَا كَانَ يُصَلِّي فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَصَلَّى مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ يَقْرَأُ فِي كُلِّ رَكْعَةٍ فَاتِحَةَ اَلْكِتَابِ وَ« قُلْ هُوَ اَللّٰهُ أَحَدٌ» عَشْرَ مَرَّاتٍ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ صَلَّى صَلاَتَهُ اَلَّتِي كَانَ يُصَلِّي كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ فِي آخِرِ اَللَّيْلِ وَ أَوْتَرَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ لَيْلَةُ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَعَلَ كَمَا كَانَ يَفْعَلُ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ اَللَّيَالِي فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثَمَانِيَ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ وَ اِثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً بَعْدَ اَلْعِشَاءِ اَلْآخِرَةِ فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ لَيْلَةُ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ اِغْتَسَلَ حِينَ غَابَتِ اَلشَّمْسُ وَ صَلَّى فِيهَا مِثْلَ مَا فَعَلَ فِي لَيْلَةِ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي لَيْلَةِ اِثْنَتَيْنِ وَعِشْرِينَ زَادَ فِي صَلاَتِهِ فَصَلَّى ثَمَانِيَ رَكَعَاتٍ بَعْدَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ وَاِثْنَتَيْنِ وَ عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً بَعْدَ اَلْعِشَاءِ اَلْآخِرَةِ فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ لَيْلَةُ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ اِغْتَسَلَ أَيْضاً كَمَا اِغْتَسَلَ فِي لَيْلَةِ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَ كَمَا اِغْتَسَلَ فِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ ثُمَّ فَعَلَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ» قَالُوا فَسَأَلُوهُ عَنْ صَلاَةِ اَلْخَمْسِينَ مَا حَالُهَا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ« كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ يُصَلِّي هَذِهِ اَلصَّلاَةَ وَ يُصَلِّي صَلاَةَ اَلْخَمْسِينَ عَلَى مَا كَانَ يُصَلِّي فِي غَيْرِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ لاَ يَنْقُصُ مِنْهَا شَيْئاً»
Ali ibn Hatim, from Ahmad ibn Ali, who said: Muhammad ibn Abi al-Suhban narrated to me, from Muhammad ibn Sulayman, who said: (Muhammad ibn Sulayman said) “Indeed, a group from among our companions gathered upon this hadith. Among them were Yunus ibn Abd al-Rahman from Abdillah ibn Sinan from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, And Sabbah al-Hadhdha from Ishaq ibn Ammar from Abu al-Hasan (a.s), And Sama’ah ibn Mihran from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him. He (Muhammad ibn Sulayman) said: “And I asked Imam al-Ridha (a.s), peace be upon him, about this hadith, so Imam (a.s) informed me of it and said: ‘All of these (individuals) asked us about the prayer in the Month of Ramadan how it is and how the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, performed it. And they all said together: ‘When the first night of the Month of Ramadan entered, the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, prayed Maghrib, then He (saws) prayed four rak’ahs, those which He (saws) would normally pray after Maghrib, every night then He (saws) prayed eight rak’ahs. When Prophet (saws) prayed the final Isha and prayed the two rak’ahs, which He (saws) used to pray after the final Isha, while sitting every night. Prophet (saws) then stood and prayed twelve rak’ahs, and then entered his house. When the people saw that, and observed that the Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, had increased in prayer upon the arrival of the Month of Ramadan, they asked Him (saws) about that. The Prophet (saws) informed them: ‘This prayer I have prayed is due to the virtue of the Month of Ramadan over other months.’ Then, when the night came again, Prophet (saws) stood to pray, and the people lined up behind Him (saws). So Prophet (saws) turned back to them and said: “O people, this prayer is a supererogatory (nafilah) prayer, and there is to be no congregation for the nafilah. Let each one of you pray alone, and let him recite what Allah (swt) has taught him from His (azj) Book. And know that there is no congregation in supererogatory prayer.” So the people dispersed, and each of them prayed individually by himself. Then, when it was the night of the nineteenth of the Month of Ramadan, Prophet (saws) performed ghusl (ritual bathing) when the sun set, and He (saws) prayed Maghrib with that ghusl. After praying Maghrib, and the four rak’ahs which He (saws) used to regularly pray every night after Maghrib, He (saws) entered his house. Then when Bilal gave the call to establish the final Isha prayer, the Prophet (saws), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, led the people in prayer. When He (saws) finished and turned away (from the congregational prayer), he prayed the two rak’ahs while sitting, just as he used to pray every night. Then Prophet (saws) stood and prayed one hundred rak’ahs, reciting in each rak’ah the ‘Fatihat al-Kitab’ (Surah al-Fatihah) and ‘Qul huwa Allahu Ahad’ (Surah Ikhlas) ten times. When Prophet (saws) completed that, he prayed his usual night prayer, which he used to perform at the end of the night, and he performed Witr. Then when the twentieth night of the Month of Ramadan came, Prophet (saws) did as he had done on the previous nights of the Month of Ramadan, eight rak’ahs after Maghrib and twelve rak’ahs after the final Isha. When the night of the twenty-first came, Prophet (saws) performed ghusl when the sun had set and prayed that night, as he had done on the night of the nineteenth. When the night of the twenty-second came, Prophet (saws) increased in his prayer, so he prayed eight rak’ahs after Maghrib, and twenty-two rak’ahs after the final Isha. When the night of the twenty-third came, Prophet (saws) also performed ghusl just as he had done on the night of the nineteenth and as he had done on the night of the twenty-first, and then he did the same (prayers and actions) as that.” They (companions) said that they then asked Imam (a.s) about the fifty prayers, what is their status in the Month of Ramadan?” Imam (a.s) said: “The Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, used to pray this prayer and also the fifty prayers, just as He (saws) would pray in the other than the Month of Ramadan, and He (saws) would not reduce anything from them.”
Translation: Haydar Ali Shaykh ibn Muhammad — published with the edition, reproduced verbatim.
Narrator names are reproduced from the edition. Biographical profiles (Rijal al-Najashi, Rijal al-Tusi, Muʿjam Rijal al-Hadith) are not yet ingested, so SacredTwo does not link a narrator to a profile it cannot show.
Ali Akbar al-Ghaffari
unknown or weak
Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām fī Sharḥ al-Muqniʿah, vol. 3, p. 72
Shaykh Baqir al-Behbudi
Not included
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Persian rendering (AI)
No published Persian translation of this edition is available. This rendering is produced by SacredTwo's model and is not a published translation.
AI-assisted translation — not a verified published translation.