Shaykh Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-Ṭūsī · Chapter on Times of Prayer and Sign of Each of Its Times
Shia · narrations
Reports differ in authenticity, attribution, context and interpretation across scholarly traditions. Inclusion here is not authentication or endorsement.
Hadith reports may differ in authenticity, attribution, context, and interpretation across Islamic scholarly traditions. Inclusion in this library does not constitute authentication or endorsement. Readers are encouraged to consult qualified scholars before drawing religious or legal conclusions.
وَرَوَى أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ اَلْحُصَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي اَلْحُصَيْنِ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ اِخْتَلَفَ مَوَالِيكَ فِي صَلاَةِ اَلْفَجْرِ فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يُصَلِّي إِذَا طَلَعَ اَلْفَجْرُ اَلْأَوَّلُ اَلْمُسْتَطِيلُ فِي اَلسَّمَاءِ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يُصَلِّي إِذَا اِعْتَرَضَ فِي أَسْفَلِ اَلْأَرْضِ وَاِسْتَبَانَ وَ لَسْتُ أَعْرِفُ أَفْضَلَ اَلْوَقْتَيْنِ فَأُصَلِّيَ فِيهِ فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ يَا مَوْلاَيَ جَعَلَنِي اَللَّهُ فِدَاكَ أَنْ تُعَلِّمَنِي أَفْضَلَ اَلْوَقْتَيْنِ وَ تَحُدَّ لِي كَيْفَ أَصْنَعُ مَعَ اَلْقَمَرِ وَ اَلْفَجْرُ لاَ يَتَبَيَّنُ حَتَّى يَحْمَرَّ وَ يُصْبِحَ وَ كَيْفَ أَصْنَعُ مَعَ اَلْقَمَرِ وَ مَا حَدُّ ذَلِكَ فِي اَلسَّفَرِ وَ اَلْحَضَرِ فَعَلْتُ إِنْ شَاءَ اَللَّهُ فَكَتَبَ بِخَطِّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ« اَلْفَجْرُ يَرْحَمُكَ اَللَّهُ اَلْخَيْطُ اَلْأَبْيَضُ وَ لَيْسَ هُوَ اَلْأَبْيَضَ صُعُداً وَ لاَ تُصَلِّ فِي سَفَرٍ وَ لاَ فِي حَضَرٍ حَتَّى تَتَبَيَّنَهُ رَحِمَكَ اَللَّهُ فَإِنَّ اَللَّهَ لَمْ يَجْعَلْ خَلْقَهُ فِي شُبْهَةٍ مِنْ هَذَا فَقَالَ تَعَالَى« كُلُوا وَ اِشْرَبُوا حَتّٰى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ اَلْخَيْطُ اَلْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ اَلْخَيْطِ اَلْأَسْوَدِ مِنَ اَلْفَجْرِ» فَالْخَيْطُ اَلْأَبْيَضُ هُوَ اَلْفَجْرُ اَلَّذِي يَحْرُمُ بِهِ اَلْأَكْلُ وَ اَلشُّرْبُ فِي اَلصِّيَامِ وَ كَذَلِكَ هُوَ اَلَّذِي يُوجِبُ اَلصَّلاَةَ»
Narrated by Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Husayn ibn Sa’id from al-Husayn ibn Abi al-Husayn, who said: I wrote to Abu Ja’far (a.s); “May I be your ransom, your followers have differed regarding the time of the Fajr prayer. Some of them pray when the first, vertical dawn appears in the sky, and some of them pray when it spreads horizontally at the lower part of the horizon and becomes clear. I do not know which of the two times is better, so I may pray at that time. If you would, O my master, may Allah (swt) make me your ransom, teach me which of the two times is better, and set for me a standard regarding what I should do when the moon is present and the Fajr is not clearly visible until it reddens and brightens. And how should I act concerning the moon? And what is the limit of that in both travel and residence? May you do so, if Allah (swt) wills.” So He (a.s) wrote back in his own handwriting (peace be upon him): "The Fajr, may Allah (swt) have mercy on you, is the white thread, and it is not the whiteness that rises upward. Do not pray, in travel or in residence, until it becomes clearly distinguishable. May Allah (swt) have mercy on you. Indeed, Allah (swt) has not placed His (swt) creation in confusion regarding this matter. He (swt), the Exalted, said: ‘'Eat and drink until the white thread becomes clear to you from the black thread of the dawn'‘ (Surah Baqarah 2:187), the white thread is the Fajr which makes eating and drinking prohibited in fasting, and likewise it is the one that makes prayer obligatory."
Translation: Haydar Ali Shaykh ibn Muhammad — published with the edition, reproduced verbatim.
Narrator names are reproduced from the edition. Biographical profiles (Rijal al-Najashi, Rijal al-Tusi, Muʿjam Rijal al-Hadith) are not yet ingested, so SacredTwo does not link a narrator to a profile it cannot show.
Ali Akbar al-Ghaffari
unknown
Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām fī Sharḥ al-Muqniʿah, vol. 2, p. 38
Shaykh Baqir al-Behbudi
Ṣaḥīḥ
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Tahdhīb, p. 156
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