Shaykh Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-Ṣaduq · Attributes of Essence and Attributes of Actions
Shia · narrations
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Hadith reports may differ in authenticity, attribution, context, and interpretation across Islamic scholarly traditions. Inclusion in this library does not constitute authentication or endorsement. Readers are encouraged to consult qualified scholars before drawing religious or legal conclusions.
4 - حدثنا أحمد بن زياد بن جعفر الهمداني رضي الله عنه، قال: حدثنا علي بن إبراهيم بن هاشم، عن أبيه، عن محمد بن أبي عمير، عن هارون بن عبد الملك، قال: سئل أبو عبد الله عليه السلام عن التوحيد، فقال: هو عز وجل مثبت موجود، لا مبطل ولا معدود، ولا في شئ من صفة المخلوقين، وله عز وجل نعوت وصفات، فالصفات له، وأسماؤها جارية على المخلوقين مثل السميع والبصير والرؤوف والرحيم وأشباه ذلك، والنعوت نعوت الذات لا تليق إلا بالله تبارك وتعالى، والله نور لا ظلام فيه، وحي لا موت له، وعالم لا جهل فيه، وصمد لا مدخل فيه، ربنا نوري الذات حي الذات، عالم الذات، صمدي الذات.
4. Ahmad ibn Ziyad ibn Ja`far al-Hamdani (RA) said: `Ali ibn Ibrahim ibn Hashim said, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Muhammad ibn Abu `Umayr, on the authority of Harun ibn `Abd al-Malik that Abu `Abd Allah al-Sadiq (AS) was asked about Divine Unity; thus, he said: He, the Mighty and High, is undoubtedly Existent. He is not vain or numerable, nor can He be described on the basis of the attributes of creation. He, the Mighty an High, possesses Qualities [nu`ut] and Attributes [sifat]. There are Attributes which apply to Him which can also be applied to the created such a hearing [sami`], seeing [basir], affectionate [ra`ur], merciful [Rahim], and their likes. Whereas the Qualities are qualities of Essence; they do not befit anyone but Allah, the Blessed and Exalted. Allah is Light as there is no darkness in Him. He is Ever-Living as there is no death for Him. He is All-Knowing as there is no ignorance in Him. He is Needless [Samad] as there is no need in Him. Our Lord is Light by Essence, Ever-Living by Essence, All-Knowing by Essence, and Needless by Essence.
Translation: Sayed Ali Raza Rizvi — published with the edition, reproduced verbatim.
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