Letters · Instructions for Malik al-Ashtar upon his appointment as the governor of Egypt

al-Sharif al-Radi (d. 406 AH) · Thaqalayn library edition, reproduced verbatim

2

Arabic text

ثُمَّ اخْتَرْ لِلْحُكْمِ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ أَفْضَلَ رَعِيَّتِكَ فِي نَفْسِكَ، مِمَّنْ لَا تَضِيقُ بِهِ الْأُمُورُ، وَلَا تُمَحِّكُهُ الْخُصُومُ، وَلَا يَتَمَادَى فِي الزَّلَّةِ، وَلَا يَحْصَرُمِنَ الْفَيْءِ إِلَى الْحَقِّ إذَا عَرَفَهُ، وَلَا تُشْرِفُ نَفْسُهُ عَلَى طَمَعٍ، وَلَا يَكْتَفِي بِأَدْنَى فَهْمٍ دُونَ أَقصَاهُ، وَأَوْقَفَهُمْ فِي الشُّبُهَاتِ، وَآخَذَهُمْ بِالْحُجَجِ، وَأَقَلَّهُمْ تَبَرُّماً بِمُرَاجَعَةِ الْخَصْمِ، وَأَصْبَرَهُمْ عَلَى تَكَشُّفِ الْأُمُورِ، وَأَصْرَمَهُمْ عِنْدَ اتِّضَاحِ الْحُكْمِ، مِمَّنْ لَا يَزْدَهِيهِ إطْرَاءٌ، وَلَا يَسْتَمِيلُهُ إِغْرَاءٌ، وَأُولَئِكَ قَلِيلٌ.

Original English translation

(2. The Chief Judge) For the settlement of disputes among people select him who is the most distinguished of your subjects in your view. The cases (coming before him) should not vex him, disputation should not enrage him, he should not insist on any wrong point, and should not grudge accepting the truth when he perceives it; he should not lean towards greed and should not content himself with a cursory understanding (of a matter) without going thoroughly into it. He should be most ready to stop (to ponder) on doubtful points, most regardful of arguments, least disgusted at the quarrel of litigants, most patient at probing into matters and most fearless at the time of passing judgement. Praise should not make him vain and elation should not make him lean (to any side). Such people are very few.

Verified published translation — published with the edition, reproduced verbatim.

Explain Related narrations Related versesSelect or long-press any passage for its tools

No licensed commentary edition has been cleared for reproduction, so the reader shows the text without it.

No licensed recording is connected, so none is offered.